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中华胸部外科电子杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (02) : 55 -65. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-8773.2025.02.01

论著

吲哚菁绿荧光腔镜胸导管显影术在预防微创McKeown食管癌切除术后乳糜胸中的疗效分析
吴汉然1, 柳常青1, 吴显宁1, 吴杲1, 杜丽2, 张莉2, 梅新宇1,()   
  1. 1. 230031 合肥,中国科学技术大学附属第一医院胸外科
    2. 230031 合肥,中国科学技术大学附属第一医院南区手术室1部
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-26 修回日期:2025-04-29 接受日期:2025-04-30 出版日期:2025-05-28
  • 通信作者: 梅新宇
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省高校自然科学重大项目(2024AH040256)

Efficacy of thoracoscopic indocyanine green fluorescence imaging of the thoracic duct in preventing chylothorax after minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy

Hanran Wu1, Changqing Liu1, Xianning Wu1, Gao Wu1, Li Du2, Li Zhang2, Xinyu Mei1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Thoracic Surgery,The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China,Division of Life Sciences and Medicine,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230031,China
    2. Department of Operating Room,The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China,Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230001,China
  • Received:2025-02-26 Revised:2025-04-29 Accepted:2025-04-30 Published:2025-05-28
  • Corresponding author: Xinyu Mei
引用本文:

吴汉然, 柳常青, 吴显宁, 吴杲, 杜丽, 张莉, 梅新宇. 吲哚菁绿荧光腔镜胸导管显影术在预防微创McKeown食管癌切除术后乳糜胸中的疗效分析[J/OL]. 中华胸部外科电子杂志, 2025, 12(02): 55-65.

Hanran Wu, Changqing Liu, Xianning Wu, Gao Wu, Li Du, Li Zhang, Xinyu Mei. Efficacy of thoracoscopic indocyanine green fluorescence imaging of the thoracic duct in preventing chylothorax after minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Thoracic Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2025, 12(02): 55-65.

目的

探讨吲哚菁绿(ICG)荧光镜胸导管显影术在预防微创McKeown食管癌手术后乳糜胸中的疗效。

方法

回顾性分析2024年1月至12月在中国科学技术大学附属第一医院胸外科行单中心治疗组接受微创McKeown食管癌手术的174例患者,根据是否使用ICG荧光镜胸导管显影术分为ICG显影组(ITD;n=61)和非ICG荧光镜胸导管显影组(NITD;n=113),对比分析两组患者的一般临床资料和围手术期资料,并采用单因素和多因素分析发生术后乳糜胸的影响因素。

结果

共纳入174例患者,其中男141例,女33例,年龄(68.56±12.02)岁。两组患者年龄、性别、肿瘤分段、病理类型、分化程度、术前合并症、术前新辅助治疗、化疗、同步放化疗和同步放化疗联合免疫治疗、手术时间、术中出血量、住院天数、淋巴结清扫站数、枚数方面差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在术前新辅助化疗联合免疫治疗、术中是否结扎胸导管、是否发现胸导管损伤、pT分期、pN分期、pTNM分期方面,两组差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后微小并发症中,ITD组乳糜胸发生率低于NITD组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在术后微小并发症中的肺不张、吻合口瘘、胸腔积液、肺部感染、声音嘶哑和心律失常方面,两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在术后重大并发症方面,两组患者在胸腔积液、出血、吻合口瘘和心律失常方面差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。单因素和多因素分析结果显示,术中胸导管显影是术后乳糜胸的独立危险因素(P=0.048)。

结论

ICG荧光镜腔镜胸导管显影术可以预防微创Mckeown食管癌切除术后乳糜胸的发生。

Objective

To evaluate the efficacy of indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging of the thoracic duct in preventing chylothorax after minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy(MIME).

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 174 patients who underwent MIME for esophageal cancer at the Department of Thoracic Surgery,The First Affiliated Hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China (January to December 2024).Patients were divided into two groups: the ICG imaging of the thoracic duct(ITD)group(n=61)and the non-ICG imaging of the thoracic duct(NITD)group(n=113).Clinical data,perioperative parameters and postoperative complications were compared.Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors for chylothorax.

Results

A total of 174 patients were included,including 141 males and 33 females with a mean age of 68.56±12.02 years.No significant differences were observed between the ITD and NITD groups in age,sex,tumor location,pathological type,differentiation grade,preoperative comorbidities,neoadjuvant therapies(chemotherapy,chemoradiotherapy,or chemoradiotherapy with immunotherapy),operative time,intraoperative blood loss,hospital stay,or lymph node dissection(P>0.05).Significant differences were noted in preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy,intraoperative thoracic duct ligation,thoracic duct injury,pT stage,pN stage,and pTNM stage(P<0.05).The incidence of chylothorax was significantly lower in the ITD group compared to the NITD group(P<0.05).No differences were observed in other minor complications(atelectasis,anastomotic leakage,pleural effusion,pneumonia,hoarseness,arrhythmia)or major complications(pleural effusion,hemorrhage,anastomotic leakage,arrhythmia)(P>0.05).Univariate and multivariate analysis confirmed that intraoperative thoracic duct imaging was an independent protective factor against chylothorax(P=0.048).

Conclusion

ICG fluorescence imaging of the thoracic duct effectively reduces the incidence of chylothorax after minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy.

图1 ICG注射的方法。A:物品准备;B:B超引导下定位;C:荧光剂注射。ICG:吲哚菁绿
图2 上纵隔胸导管显影。A:普通白光模式;B:黑白荧光模式;C:荧光融合模式
图3 胸导管主干显影。A:普通白光模式;B:黑白荧光模式;C:荧光融合模式
图4 荧光镜下胸导管破损处显示
表1 两组患者一般临床资料比较
项目 ITD组(n=61) NITD组(n=113) χ 2/t P
年龄(岁,xˉ± s ) 69.26±0.99 68.18±0.78 0.848 0.820
性别[例(%)] 0.030 0.862
49(80.33) 92(81.42)
12(19.67) 21(18.58)
肿瘤分段[例(%)] 0.484 0.785
上段 5(8.20) 13(11.50)
中段 43(70.49) 77(68.14)
下段 13(21.31) 23(20.36)
术前新辅助治疗[例(%)] 15(24.59) 40(35.39) 1.670 0.196
新辅助化疗 6(9.84) 11(9.73) 0.000 0.983
同步放化疗 5(8.19) 10(8.85) 0.022 0.883
化疗联合免疫 2(3.28) 23(20.35) 9.388 0.002
同步放化联合免疫 1(1.64) 3(2.65) 0.182 0.670
病理类型[例(%)]
鳞癌 56(91.80) 99(87.61) 0.350 0.554
腺癌 3(4.92) 4(3.54) 0.195 0.659
其他 2(3.28) 10(8.85) 1.915 0.166
项目 ITD组(n=61) NITD组(n=113) χ 2/t P
分化程度[例(%)] 5.852 0.054
G1 1(1.64) 14(12.39)
G2 44(72.13) 74(65.49)
G3 16(26.23) 25(22.12)
术前合并症[例(%)] 44(72.13) 63(55.75) 3.823 0.051
高血压 21(34.43) 33(29.20) 0.468 0.494
糖尿病 10(16.39) 11(9.73) 1.369 0.242
心律失常 4(6.56) 10(8.85) 0.251 0.616
支气管扩张 2(3.28) 3(2.65) 0.055 0.814
肺部陈旧性肺结核 4(6.56) 9(7.96) 0.113 0.736
COPD 24(39.34) 28(24.78) 3.346 0.067
心血管/瓣膜疾病 8(13.11) 8(7.08) 1.506 0.220
脑血管疾病 7(11.48) 11(9.73) 0.010 0.921
表2 两组患者的围手术期临床病理资料比较
表3 两组患者围手术期并发症情况比较
表4 术后乳糜胸的单因素和多因素分析
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