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中华胸部外科电子杂志 ›› 2015, Vol. 02 ›› Issue (03) : 182 -187. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-8773.2015.03.009

所属专题: 文献

论著

电视胸腔镜与经胸骨胸腺切除治疗不伴胸腺瘤重症肌无力的临床分析
宋阳1, 陈刚2, 伍宁2, 吕会斌3, 朱勇俊2, 苗锋2, 庞烈文2, 赵重波4, 陈志明2,()   
  1. 1. 200040 上海,复旦大学附属华山医院心胸外科
    3. 844000 喀什地区第二人民医院心胸外科
    4. 200040 上海,复旦大学附属华山医院神经内科
  • 收稿日期:2015-05-25 出版日期:2015-08-28
  • 通信作者: 陈志明

Clinical analysis of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and transsternal thymectomy for myasthenia gravis without thymoma

Yang Song1, Gang Chen2, Ning Wu2, Huibin Lyu3, Yongjun Zhu2, Feng Miao2, Liewen Pang2, Chongbo Zhao4, Zhiming Chen2,()   

  1. 1. Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Kashi Second People, s Hospital, Kashi 200040, China; 3Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
    2. Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
    3. Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Kashi Second People, s Hospital, Kashi 200040, China
    4. Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
  • Received:2015-05-25 Published:2015-08-28
  • Corresponding author: Zhiming Chen
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Chen Zhiming, Email:
引用本文:

宋阳, 陈刚, 伍宁, 吕会斌, 朱勇俊, 苗锋, 庞烈文, 赵重波, 陈志明. 电视胸腔镜与经胸骨胸腺切除治疗不伴胸腺瘤重症肌无力的临床分析[J]. 中华胸部外科电子杂志, 2015, 02(03): 182-187.

Yang Song, Gang Chen, Ning Wu, Huibin Lyu, Yongjun Zhu, Feng Miao, Liewen Pang, Chongbo Zhao, Zhiming Chen. Clinical analysis of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and transsternal thymectomy for myasthenia gravis without thymoma[J]. Chinese Journal of Thoracic Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2015, 02(03): 182-187.

目的

比较电视胸腔镜下胸腺切除术与经胸骨(胸骨正中切口、第2肋间胸骨横断小切口)胸腺切除术治疗不伴胸腺瘤重症肌无力的手术方法和远期疗效。

方法

2000年1月1日至2013年12月31日,复旦大学附属华山医院诊断为重症肌无力伴胸腺增生的手术患者共355例,对其中272例回馈随访结果的患者进行回顾性分析研究,其中胸腔镜组58例,胸骨正中纵行劈开组23例,第2肋间胸骨横断小切口组191例。

结果

与胸骨正中纵行劈开组相比,胸腔镜组术中出血量少[(96.90±47.69)ml vs (152.30±93.19)ml,χ2=3.497,P<0.001]、引流时间短[(1.93±0.97)d vs(2.61±0.94)d,t=2.857,P=0.006]、住院时间短[(3.48±1.68)d vs(8.04±4.23)d,t=6.993,P<0.001]。与第2肋间胸骨横断小切口组比,胸腔镜组引流时间短[(1.93±0.97)d vs(2.75±0.97)d,t=5.612,P<0.001]、住院时间短[(3.48±1.68)d vs(6.87±4.16)d,t=6.042,P<0.001]。术后随访12~76个月,平均随访时间为55个月。三组患者手术对重症肌无力的总效率分别为79.3%、86.9%和85.3%,组间差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.638,P=0.424;χ2=1.200,P=0.273)。

结论

电视胸腔镜下胸腺切除术不仅具有切口小、术中出血量少、术后恢复快、住院时间短等优点,还能够达到经胸骨手术切除胸腺治疗重症肌无力相似的临床效果。因此,建议不伴胸腺瘤的重症肌无力患者手术应首选电视胸腔镜胸腺切除术。

Objective

To compare the surgical procedures and long-term clinical effects of thymectomy for myasthenia gravis without thymoma between video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery(VATS) and transsternal surgery (median sternotomy and transverse sternotomy).

Methods

Between January 1st 2000 and December 31st 2013, 355 patients with myasthenia gravis combined with thymic hyperplasia underwent surgery in Huashan Hospital, and retrospective study was conducated in 272 of those with follow-up results. Among these 272 patients, 58 received VATS(VATS group), 23 received median sternotomy(median sternotomy group) and the other 191 received transverse sternotomy(transverse sternotomy group).

Results

Compared with median sternotomy group, there was less blood loss[(96.90±47.69)ml vs (152.30±93.19)ml, χ2=3.497, P<0.001], shorter time of postoperative drainage [(1.93±0.97)d vs (2.61±0.94)d, t=2.857, P=0.006] and shorter postoperative hospital stay in VATS group[(3.48±1.68)d vs (8.04±4.23)d, t=6.993, P<0.001]. Compared with transverse sternotomy group, there was shorter time of postoperative drainage [(1.93±0.97)d vs (2.75±0.97)d, t=5.612, P<0.001] and shorter postoperative hospital stay in VATS group[(3.48±1.68)d vs (6.87±4.16)d, t=6.042, P<0.001]. Patients were followed up for 12 to 76 months, and the mean time of follow up was 55 months. The overall remission rates of VATS group, median sternotomy group and transverse sternotomy group were 79.3%, 86.9% and 85.3%, respectively, and there was no significant difference among three groups(χ2=0.638, P=0.424; χ2=1.200, P=0.273).

Conclusions

Thymectomy for myasthenia gravis without thymoma by VATS has the advantages of small incision, less blood loss, fast postoperative recovery and shorter postoperative hospital stay, and also has the same clinical effect as transsternal surgery. Therefore, VATS is preferable for the treatment of myasthenia gravis without thymoma.

表1 三组患者基本特征以及术中、术后资料比较(±s)
图1 VATS组手术入路示意图:操作孔位于第3肋间腋前线,观察孔位于第5肋间腋中线
图2 第2肋间胸骨横断小切口皮肤切口示意图
表2 三种术式治疗MG的临床疗效比较[例(%)]
图3 不伴胸腺瘤重症肌无力患者手术方式的逐年变化情况
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