目的

通过文献计量学方法分析支气管胸膜瘘（BPF）领域的研究现状、研究热点及未来的发展趋势。

方法

基于Web of Science核心合集数据库，检索1995—2024年间BPF相关的英文文献，运用CiteSpace和VOSviewer对年发文量、国家、机构、作者、期刊、高被引文献及关键词进行可视化分析。

结果

纳入文献1 503篇，发文量在过去三十年中呈逐步上升趋势。BPF的研究主要集中在美国（403篇）、中国（218篇）、日本（167篇）和意大利（100篇）。Mayo Clinic是该领域发文量最多的机构（27篇）。Lorenzo Spaggiari的发文量排名第一（19篇）。发表文章最多的英文期刊是Annals of Thoracic Surgery（184篇）。被引次数最高的文献是“Bronchopleural fistulas：an overview of the problem with special focus on endoscopic management”（290次）。高频关键词为：pulmonary resection（347次）、bronchopleural fistula（312次）、lung cancer（194次）、empyema（170次）。关键词分析表明，风险因素、BPF并发症、诊断技术、手术治疗、气管镜治疗和预防等主题是该领域的研究热点。该领域早期的研究主要集中在发病风险因素和治疗方法上，随后转向预防、关注患者长期生存率以及积累循证医学证据。

结论

本研究通过文献计量学分析总结了BPF的研究现状和研究热点，并探讨了未来可能发展趋势，为从事该领域研究的学者提供参考。

Objective

To analyze the research status，hotspots，and future development trends in the field of bronchopleural fistula （BPF） by using bibliometric methods.

Methods

Based on the Web of Science Core Collection database，English literature related to BPF published between 1995 and 2024 was retrieved.CiteSpace and VOSviewer were employed to conduct a visual analysis of annual publication volume，countries，institutions，authors，journals，highly cited literature，and keywords.

Results

A total of 1 503 articles were included，showing a steady increase in publication volume over the past thirty decades. Research on BPF is primarily concentrated in the United States （403 articles），China （218 articles），Japan （167 articles），and Italy （100 articles）.Mayo Clinic is the most prolific institution in this field （27 articles），while Lorenzo Spaggiari ranks first among authors（19 articles）.The journal with the highest number of publications is Annals of Thoracic Surgery （184 articles）.The most cited article is “Bronchopleural fistulas：an overview of the problem with special focus on endoscopic management” （290 citations）. High-frequency keywords include pulmonary resection （347 occurrences），bronchopleural fistula （312 occurrences），lung cancer （194 occurrences），and empyema （170 occurrences）.Keyword analysis reveals that risk factors，BPF complications，diagnostic techniques，surgical treatment，bronchoscopic intervention，and prevention are the current research hotspots.Early studies primarily focused on risk factors and treatment methods，while recent research has shifted toward prevention，long-term survival rates，and the accumulation of evidence-based medical evidence.

Conclusion

This study summarizes the research status and hotspots in the field of BPF through bibliometric analysis and explores potential future development trends，providing a valuable reference for scholars engaged in this field worldwide.