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中华胸部外科电子杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (03) : 136 -143. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-8773.2025.03.03

论著

食管鳞癌新辅助化疗联合免疫治疗后基于增强CT的临床完全缓解与病理完全缓解相关性分析:一项单中心回顾性研究
吕会来1,2, 刘宇1,2, 李嘉宸1,2, 盖春月1,2, 王明博1,2, 许石1,2, 丁炜禄1,2, 朱永刚1,2, 李振华1,2, 田子强1,2,()   
  1. 1050035 石家庄,河北医科大学第四医院胸外科
    2050035 石家庄,河北省食管癌精准诊断与综合治疗重点实验室
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-31 修回日期:2025-04-24 接受日期:2025-05-27 出版日期:2025-08-28
  • 通信作者: 田子强
  • 基金资助:
    河北省自然科学基金(H2022206443); 临床医学优秀人才培养项目(ZF2024118)

Correlation analysis between clinical complete response based on enhanced CT and pathological complete response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a single-center retrospective study

Huilai Lv1,2, Yu Liu1,2, Jiachen Li1,2, Chunyue Gai1,2, Mingbo Wang1,2, Shi Xu1,2, Weilu Ding1,2, Yonggang Zhu1,2, Zhenhua Li1,2, Ziqiang Tian1,2,()   

  1. 1Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
    2Hebei Key Laboratory of Accurate Diagnosis and Comprehensive Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
  • Received:2025-03-31 Revised:2025-04-24 Accepted:2025-05-27 Published:2025-08-28
  • Corresponding author: Ziqiang Tian
引用本文:

吕会来, 刘宇, 李嘉宸, 盖春月, 王明博, 许石, 丁炜禄, 朱永刚, 李振华, 田子强. 食管鳞癌新辅助化疗联合免疫治疗后基于增强CT的临床完全缓解与病理完全缓解相关性分析:一项单中心回顾性研究[J/OL]. 中华胸部外科电子杂志, 2025, 12(03): 136-143.

Huilai Lv, Yu Liu, Jiachen Li, Chunyue Gai, Mingbo Wang, Shi Xu, Weilu Ding, Yonggang Zhu, Zhenhua Li, Ziqiang Tian. Correlation analysis between clinical complete response based on enhanced CT and pathological complete response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a single-center retrospective study[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Thoracic Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2025, 12(03): 136-143.

目的

评估增强计算机断层扫描(CT)判断食管鳞状细胞癌(ESCC)患者新辅助化疗联合免疫治疗后临床完全缓解(cCR)与病理完全缓解(pCR)的相关性,并分析其预测预后的临床应用价值。

方法

回顾性分析2019年11月至2024年5月于河北医科大学第四医院就诊的接受新辅助化疗联合免疫治疗及手术的266名患者临床资料,由2名胸外科医师依据增强CT影像判断是否达到cCR,进而分析cCR与pCR的关系,并比较患者生存差异。

结果

266例患者中,53例(19.9%)达到cCR,cCR患者中39例(73.6%)实现pCR,cCR对pCR的敏感性为50.7%,特异性为92.6%。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线结果显示cCR对pCR有一定的预测效能[曲线下面积(AUC)=0.716,95%置信区间(CI):0.641~0.792,P<0.001]。生存曲线分析结果表明,pCR与总生存期(OS;χ2=7.82,P=0.005)和无复发生存期(RFS;χ2=6.28,P=0.012)均存在显著关联,增强CT预测的cCR与OS(χ2=5.38,P=0.020)和RFS(χ2=8.39,P=0.004)同样显著相关。多因素Cox回归分析显示N分期是影响患者OS和RFS的独立预后因素。

结论

增强CT判断ESCC患者新辅助化疗联合免疫治疗后cCR对pCR具有一定的预测效能,具有较低的敏感性和较高的特异性,在评估新辅助治疗疗效及预测预后方面具有一定的临床价值,多因素Cox回归分析显示N分期是影响患者OS和RFS的独立预后因素。

Objective

To evaluate the correlation between clinical complete response (cCR) judged by enhanced computed tomography (CT) and pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and analyze its clinical application value in predicting prognosis.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 266 patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy and surgery at The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from November 2019 to May 2024. Two physicians judged whether cCR was achieved based on enhanced CT images. Then, we analyzed the relationship between cCR and pCR and compared the survival differences of patients.

Results

Among 266 patients, 53 (19.9%) achieved cCR. Among cCR patients, 39 (73.6%) achieved pCR. The sensitivity of cCR for predicting pCR is 50.7% and the specificity is 92.6%. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve demonstrated that cCR had a certain predictive value for pCR [area under the curve (AUC) =0.716, 95% confidence interval (CI) : 0.641–0.792, P<0.001]. Survival curve analysis shows that there is a significant association between pCR and both overall survival (OS; χ2=7.82, P=0.005) and recurrence-free survival (RFS; χ2=6.28, P=0.012). cCR predicted by enhanced CT is also significantly correlated with OS (χ2=5.38, P=0.020) and RFS (χ2=8.39, P=0.004). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that N stage was an independent prognostic factor for both OS and RFS.

Conclusions

Enhanced CT has a certain predictive efficacy for pCR based on cCR in ESCC after neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy, with low sensitivity and high specificity. It holds certain clinical value in assessing the efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy and predicting prognosis. Multivariate analysis identified N stage as an independent prognostic factor for both OS and RFS.

表1 患者临床特征及病理资料
图1 cCR对pCR的预测能力。AUC:曲线下面积;cCR:临床完全缓解;pCR:病理完全缓解
图2 Kaplan-Meier生存曲线比较cCR与非cCR患者的OS(A)和RFS(B)。cCR:临床完全缓解;OS:总生存期;RFS:无复发生存期
图3 Kaplan-Meier生存曲线比较pCR和非pCR患者的OS(A)和RFS(B)。pCR:病理完全缓解;OS:总生存期;RFS:无复发生存期
表2 OS影响因素分析
表3 RFS影响因素分析
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