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中华胸部外科电子杂志 ›› 2023, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (01) : 7 -14. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-8773.2023.01.02

纵隔专题

胸腔镜与开放手术对5 cm以上R0切除的胸腺肿瘤的回顾性队列研究
莫俊贤1, 黄东1, 冼磊1,()   
  1. 1. 530000 南宁,广西医科大学第二附属医院胸心血管外科
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-09 修回日期:2022-11-14 接受日期:2022-12-08 出版日期:2023-02-28
  • 通信作者: 冼磊

Retrospective cohort study of video-assisted thoracoscopic thymectomy versus thoracoscopic thymectomy surgery for thymic tumors with R0 resection over 5 cm

Junxian Mo1, Dong Huang1, Lei Xian1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530000, China
  • Received:2022-07-09 Revised:2022-11-14 Accepted:2022-12-08 Published:2023-02-28
  • Corresponding author: Lei Xian
引用本文:

莫俊贤, 黄东, 冼磊. 胸腔镜与开放手术对5 cm以上R0切除的胸腺肿瘤的回顾性队列研究[J]. 中华胸部外科电子杂志, 2023, 10(01): 7-14.

Junxian Mo, Dong Huang, Lei Xian. Retrospective cohort study of video-assisted thoracoscopic thymectomy versus thoracoscopic thymectomy surgery for thymic tumors with R0 resection over 5 cm[J]. Chinese Journal of Thoracic Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2023, 10(01): 7-14.

目的

探讨广西医科大学第二附属医院对于直径≥5 cm并R0切除的胸腺肿瘤在手术治疗方式上的方案选择,以期为制订大体积胸腺肿瘤的治疗策略提供参考方向。

方法

回顾性分析广西医科大学第二附属医院113例直径≥5 cm的胸腺肿瘤并R0切除手术的患者,根据不同手术方式分为胸腔镜胸腺切除术(VATT)组(n=48)和开放组(n=65)。比较两组患者的临床基本信息、围手术期资料、病理资料及随访资料等。

结果

VATT组患者的术中出血量(P=0.001)及术后胸管/纵隔管总引流量(P=0.005)少于开放组,术后肺部感染的概率低于开放组(P=0.023)。VATT组患者存在肿瘤肺部侵犯(P=0.006)、心包侵犯(P=0.002)均少于开放组;VATT组肿瘤直径较开放组小(P<0.001),Masaoka分期Ⅰ~Ⅱ期患者的比例显著高于开放组(P<0.001)。两组的总生存率(P=0.075)及无病生存率(P=0.058)差异无统计学意义。二元logistic回归分析结果显示,肿瘤直径≥9 cm(OR=12.506,95%CI:2.398~65.214,P=0.003)以及Masaoka Ⅲ期以上(OR=25.788,95%CI:4.262~156.027,P<0.001)的患者是选择开放术式的独立影响因素。

结论

对于≥5 cm经选择的胸腺肿瘤,VATT是一种安全的手术方式,可以达到开放手术相近的疗效,但对于≥9 cm或Masaoka分期Ⅲ期及以上的患者本中心更偏向选择开放术式。

Objective

To investigate the appropriate surgical approach for thymic tumors with a diameter ≥5 cm in our center, and to provide the treatment strategies of massive thymoma.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted in our hospital, which included 113 patients with thymic tumors ≥5 cm in diameter and underwent surgical R0 resection. The patients were divided into video-assisted thoracoscopic thymectomy (VATT) group (n=48) and conventional thymectomy group (n=65) according to surgical methods. The basic clinical information were compared between the two groups.

Results

The intraoperative blood loss (P=0.001) and postoperative chest/mediastinal canal drainage volume (P=0.005) in the VATT group were less than those in the conventional thymectomy group, and the risk of postoperative pulmonary infection was lower than that in the conventional thymectomy group (P=0.023) . Lung invasion (P=0.006) and pericardial invasion (P=0.002) in VATT group were less than those in conventional thymectomy group. In addition, the tumor diameter of VATT group was smaller than that of conventional thymectomy group (P<0.001) , and the proportion of Masaoka stage Ⅰ–Ⅱ patients was higher than that of conventional thymectomy group (P<0.001) . There was no significant difference in overall survival (P=0.075) and disease-free survival (P=0.058) between two groups. Logistic regression analysis suggested that tumor diameter ≥9 cm (OR=12.506, 95%CI: 2.398–65.214, P=0.003) and Masaoka stage ≥ Ⅲ (OR=25.788, 95%CI: 4.262–156.027, P<0.001) were positively associated with conventional thymectomy surgery.

Conclusions

VATT is a safe surgical approach for patients with thymic tumors ≥5 cm, which resulted in similar prognosis as conventional thymectomy surgery. However, conventional thymectomy seems more appropriate for patients with thymic tumors diameter ≥9 cm or Masaoka stage Ⅲ or above.

表1 两组患者的术前一般资料对比
表2 两组围手术期临床资料对比
表3 两组患者病理资料对比
图1 手术方式选择的二元logistic回归多因素分析结果
图2 VATT组和开放组OS生存曲线
图3 VATT组和开放组DFS生存曲线
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