Esophageal cancer ranks among the top 10 malignant tumors worldwide, with a very poor prognosis, posing a major challenge to global health and representing a critical medical problem to be addressed. Computed tomography (CT) has long played a central role in the preoperative staging, diagnosis and postoperative evaluation of esophageal cancer, it relies on detailed anatomical information to evaluate the progress of the lesion and the response to treatment. However, although CT technology is indispensable, there is still room for improvement in its accuracy. Although biopsy is known as the "gold standard" for diagnosis, it faces significant invasiveness and potential error risks. With the rapid emergence of new imaging techniques, radiomics has garnered significant attention and extensive research in the field of malignant tumors. In particular, radiomics has shown unprecedented application potential in many key areas such as accurate staging of cancer and assessment of tumor heterogeneity. Especially in the TNM staging system of esophageal cancer, the application of CT radiomics is showing extremely broad prospects and practical value. This paper reviews the application and research progress of CT radiomics in TNM staging of esophageal cancer, to provide theoretical support and guidance for future research on accurate diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer.