To analyze the curative effect and prognosis of patients with spontaneous pneumothorax by thoracic puncture and intubation.

A total of 82 patients with spontaneous pneumothorax who underwent thoracic surgery at Heze Municipal Hospital of Shandong Province from April 2015 to February 2016 were randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 41 cases in each group. Patients in the control group were treated by closed drainage with conventional thick-tube puncture. Patients in the observation group underwent optimal thoracentesis and catheterization (one optimized operation can be repeated for drainage). The postoperative efficacy was compared between the two groups and the prognosis was analyzed.

The total effective rate in observation group was 87.8% (36/41), significantly higher than that in control group (68.3%, 28/41)(P<0.05). After 3 months of treatment, the recurrence rate in the observation group was 4.9% (2/41), which was significantly lower than that in the control group (22.0%, 9/41). The incidences of hematoma and pneumothorax in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (4.9% vs 22.0%, P=0.023; 2.4% vs 19.5%, P=0.013). The hospitalization time and medical expenses in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group [(5.4±2.1) d vs (11.2±2.4) d, P<0.001 vs (1 845.2 ± 112.3) vs ± 135.6] yuan, P<0.001]. Logistic regression analysis showed that the main influencing factors of prognosis were unused optimized thoracentesis (OR=2.636, 95% CI: 0.254-11.186, P<0.001).

Optimization of thoracic puncture and intubation in the treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax has significant curative effect, and can effectively reduce the recurrence rate and incidence of complications, shorten hospital stay, reduce the economic burden of patients.