Lung transplantation is the only effective method to treat some lung diseases, which can greatly improve the quality of life after operation and significantly prolong the survival. However, compared with liver and kidney transplantation, the numbers of lung transplantation are smaller in most transplant centers, and the operation technique is less mature, which largely restricted the development of lung transplantation. By years of efforts, the clinical practice of lung transplantation has experienced dramatic development in China, but countermeasures are required to deal with current enormous problems.