This study aimed to examine the expression of GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissue and its relationship with clinicopathological indicators.

A retrospective analysis of the clinicopathological data of 99 NSCLC patients was conducted. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of GATA3, thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) , napsin A (NapsinA) , cytokeratin 7 (CK7) , and the Ki67 proliferation index. Data processing and analysis were performed using statistical methods such as the t-test and χ² test.

In the surgical resection specimens from 99 enrolled NSCLC patients, the positive rate of GATA3 protein was 5.1%, indicating it is a low-expression factor. Correlation analysis results suggest a possible negative correlation between GATA3 expression and the expression of factors such as NapsinA, TTF-1, and CK7. Clinical data showed that the tumor doubling time in the GATA3-positive expression group was significantly longer than that in the negative expression group (248.0±14.7 days vs. 172.5±28.8 days, P<0.001) .

GATA3 is expressed at a low level in NSCLC tissues, but its expression may be involved in the prognostic evaluation of NSCLC. The specific mechanisms may include influencing the biological processes of NSCLC growth, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis, thereby affecting patient’s prognosis. During the comprehensive treatment of NSCLC, low GATA3 protein expression might serve as an indicator of poor prognosis, providing experimental and clinical evidence for the assessment of multidisciplinary treatment strategies.